The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Launching, sentence 2
He called to mind all the wisdom words that he had learned from great Wipunen; he repeated them softly, one by one, and his heart swelled with pride when he thought of the power he had gained by listening to the song of wisdom.
Who acts: Minstrel, heart, wisdom · What happens: call, mind, learn, repeat, swell, think · To what, where: wisdom words, great Wipunen, words, power · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Launching. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Minstrel, heart, wisdom), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 called | nsubj |
| 2 | called | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | to | to | PART | _ | 4 mind | mark |
| 4 | mind | mind | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 called | xcomp |
| 5 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 8 words | det:predet |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 words | det |
| 7 | wisdom | wisdom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 words | compound |
| 8 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 mind | obj |
| 9 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 12 learned | mark |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 learned | nsubj |
| 11 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 learned | aux |
| 12 | learned | learn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 8 words | advcl |
| 13 | from | from | ADP | _ | 15 Wipunen | case |
| 14 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 Wipunen | amod |
| 15 | Wipunen | Wipunen | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 learned | obl |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 repeated | punct |
| 17 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 repeated | nsubj |
| 18 | repeated | repeat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 called | conj |
| 19 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 repeated | obj |
| 20 | softly | softly | ADV | _ | 18 repeated | advmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 one | punct |
| 22 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 18 repeated | obl |
| 23 | by | by | ADP | _ | 24 one | case |
| 24 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 22 one | nmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 swelled | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 swelled | cc |
| 27 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 heart | nmod:poss |
| 28 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 swelled | nsubj |
| 29 | swelled | swell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 called | conj |
| 30 | with | with | ADP | _ | 31 pride | case |
| 31 | pride | pride | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 swelled | obl |
| 32 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 34 thought | advmod |
| 33 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 thought | nsubj |
| 34 | thought | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 swelled | advcl |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 power | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 power | det |
| 37 | power | power | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 thought | obl |
| 38 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 gained | nsubj |
| 39 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 40 gained | aux |
| 40 | gained | gain | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 37 power | acl:relcl |
| 41 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 42 listening | mark |
| 42 | listening | listen | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 40 gained | advcl |
| 43 | to | to | ADP | _ | 45 song | case |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 song | det |
| 45 | song | song | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 listening | obl |
| 46 | of | of | ADP | _ | 47 wisdom | case |
| 47 | wisdom | wisdom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 song | nmod |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 called | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call | past | Minstrel | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | mind | to-infinitive | Minstrel not said here | all wisdom words | vn caring-75.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme | ||||
| 3 | learn | past · perfect | Minstrel | great Wipunen | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent from wipunen=Source | ||||
| 4 | repeat | past | Minstrel | words = word | one by one obl; softly property | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Eventuality | |||
| 5 | swell | past | Minstrel's heart | with pride | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | ||||
| 6 | think speech: other | past | Minstrel | of the power | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 7 | gain | past · perfect | Minstrel | the power not said here | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent power=Theme | ||||
| 8 | listen | gerund | Minstrel not said here | to the song of wisdom | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to song=Theme | ||||
| 9 | sing | wisdom | nom song «communication intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/18/2/