The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Maid of the Morning, sentence 119
“I told no one,” answered the Minstrel; “neither must you do so, Anniki, for this is a secret voyage and if any person should learn why I have undertaken it, all will come to naught.”
Who acts: Minstrel, neither, this, person, all · What happens: tell, answer, do, be, learn, undertake · To what, where: one, person, naught · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Maid of the Morning. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Minstrel, neither, this, person), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 told | punct |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 told | nsubj |
| 3 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 5 one | det |
| 5 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 told | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 told | punct |
| 7 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 told | punct |
| 8 | answered | answer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 told | conj |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 Minstrel | det |
| 10 | Minstrel | Minstrel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 answered | obj |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 do | punct |
| 12 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 16 do | punct |
| 13 | neither | neither | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 do | nsubj |
| 14 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 16 do | aux |
| 15 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 16 do | nsubj |
| 16 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 told | conj |
| 17 | so | so | ADV | _ | 16 do | advmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 Anniki | punct |
| 19 | Anniki | Anniki | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 do | vocative |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 voyage | punct |
| 21 | for | for | ADP | _ | 26 voyage | case |
| 22 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 26 voyage | nsubj |
| 23 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 voyage | cop |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 voyage | det |
| 25 | secret | secret | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 voyage | amod |
| 26 | voyage | voyage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 do | obl |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 learn | cc |
| 28 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 32 learn | mark |
| 29 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 30 person | det |
| 30 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 learn | nsubj |
| 31 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 32 learn | aux |
| 32 | learn | learn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 voyage | conj |
| 33 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 36 undertaken | advmod |
| 34 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 36 undertaken | nsubj |
| 35 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 undertaken | aux |
| 36 | undertaken | undertake | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 32 learn | ccomp |
| 37 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 undertaken | obj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 come | punct |
| 39 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 41 come | nsubj |
| 40 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 41 come | aux |
| 41 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 36 undertaken | conj |
| 42 | to | to | ADP | _ | 43 naught | case |
| 43 | naught | naught | PRON | PronType=Neg | 41 come | obl |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 told | punct |
| 45 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 told | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tell speech: assert in a quote | past | the Minstrel = minstrel | no one | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent one=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | answer speech: assert | past | the Minstrel | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | do in a quote | must | neither | Anniki vocative; you nsubj | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | is in a quote | present | this | for a secret voyage | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | learn a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | should | any person | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 6 | undertake in a quote | present · perfect | the Minstrel = minstrel | person | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality | ||||
| 7 | come in a quote | future | all | naught | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to naught=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/19/119/