The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Maid of the Morning, sentence 13
He was preparing to row the boat around the bar, when suddenly he was startled by hearing his name called, not harshly, but in tones of friendship and inquiry.
Who acts: Wainamoinen · What happens: prepare, row, startle, hear, call, name · To what, where: boat, bar, Wainamoinen, tones, name, friendship · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Maid of the Morning. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wainamoinen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 preparing | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 preparing | aux |
| 3 | preparing | prepare | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 row | mark |
| 5 | row | row | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 preparing | xcomp |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 boat | det |
| 7 | boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 row | obj |
| 8 | around | around | ADP | _ | 10 bar | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 bar | det |
| 10 | bar | bar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 row | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 startled | punct |
| 12 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 16 startled | advmod |
| 13 | suddenly | suddenly | ADV | _ | 16 startled | advmod |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 startled | nsubj |
| 15 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 startled | aux:pass |
| 16 | startled | startle | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 preparing | conj |
| 17 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 18 hearing | mark |
| 18 | hearing | hear | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 startled | advcl |
| 19 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 name | nmod:poss |
| 20 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 hearing | obj |
| 21 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 name | acl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 harshly | punct |
| 23 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 24 harshly | advmod |
| 24 | harshly | harshly | ADV | _ | 21 called | advmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 tones | punct |
| 26 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 28 tones | cc |
| 27 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 tones | case |
| 28 | tones | tone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 startled | obl |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 friendship | case |
| 30 | friendship | friendship | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 tones | nmod |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 inquiry | cc |
| 32 | inquiry | inquiry | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 friendship | conj |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 preparing | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | prepare | past · progressive | Wainamoinen | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent clause=Attribute | |||||
| 2 | row not said to happen | to-infinitive | Wainamoinen not said here | the boat | the bar | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent boat=Theme around bar=Trajectory | |||
| 3 | startle | past · passive | Wainamoinen | tones of friendship and inquiry | suddenly property | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer | |||
| 4 | hear | gerund | Wainamoinen's name | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer name=Stimulus | |||||
| 5 | call | participle | Wainamoinen's name not said here | harshly property | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | name | Wainamoinen | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 7 | intonate | friendship and inquiry | nom tone «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/19/13/