The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, Mistress and Minstrel, sentence 136
He repeated all the magic runes that he remembered, he recited spells to the winds and the waves and the gray-blue sky, he recalled all the words of power that he had learned from the sages of old.
Who acts: One · What happens: repeat, remember, recite, recall, learn, word · To what, where: magic runes, spells, winds, words, sages, power
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Mistress and Minstrel. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (One), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 repeated | nsubj |
| 2 | repeated | repeat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 6 runes | det:predet |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 runes | det |
| 5 | magic | magic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 runes | amod |
| 6 | runes | rune | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 repeated | obj |
| 7 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 9 remembered | mark |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 remembered | nsubj |
| 9 | remembered | remember | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 repeated | advcl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 recited | punct |
| 11 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 recited | nsubj |
| 12 | recited | recite | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 repeated | conj |
| 13 | spells | spell | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 recited | obj |
| 14 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 winds | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 winds | det |
| 16 | winds | wind | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 recited | obl |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 waves | cc |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 waves | det |
| 19 | waves | wave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 winds | conj |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 sky | cc |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 sky | det |
| 22 | gray | gray | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 blue | compound |
| 23 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 22 gray | punct |
| 24 | blue | blue | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 sky | amod |
| 25 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 winds | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 recalled | punct |
| 27 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 recalled | nsubj |
| 28 | recalled | recall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 repeated | conj |
| 29 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 31 words | det:predet |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 words | det |
| 31 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 recalled | obj |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 power | case |
| 33 | power | power | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 words | nmod |
| 34 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 37 learned | mark |
| 35 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 learned | nsubj |
| 36 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 learned | aux |
| 37 | learned | learn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 28 recalled | advcl |
| 38 | from | from | ADP | _ | 40 sages | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 sages | det |
| 40 | sages | sage | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 learned | obl |
| 41 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 old | case |
| 42 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 sages | nmod |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 repeated | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | repeat | past | One | all magic runes | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rune=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | remember | past | One | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | recite | past | One | spells | the winds and the waves and the blue sky | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent spell=Topic to wind=Recipient | |||
| 4 | recall | past | One | all words of power | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme | ||||
| 5 | learn | past · perfect | One | the sages of old | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent from sage=Source | ||||
| 6 | word | power | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/2/136/