The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, Mistress and Minstrel, sentence 141
It was he who shaped the sky that bends above our country; and, surely, to forge the Sampo is no more difficult than that.”
Who acts: thing, sky, Sampo · What happens: be, bend, forge · To what, where: country
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Mistress and Minstrel. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thing, sky, Sampo), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 shaped | nsubj:outer |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 shaped | cop |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 shaped | nsubj |
| 4 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 5 shaped | nsubj |
| 5 | shaped | shape | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 sky | det |
| 7 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 shaped | obj |
| 8 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 bends | nsubj |
| 9 | bends | bend | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 sky | acl:relcl |
| 10 | above | above | ADP | _ | 12 country | case |
| 11 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 country | nmod:poss |
| 12 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 bends | obl |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 forge | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 forge | cc |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 and | punct |
| 16 | surely | surely | ADV | _ | 19 forge | advmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 forge | punct |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 forge | mark |
| 19 | forge | forge | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 5 shaped | parataxis |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 Sampo | det |
| 21 | Sampo | Sampo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 difficult | nsubj |
| 22 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 difficult | cop |
| 23 | no | no | ADV | _ | 24 more | advmod |
| 24 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 25 difficult | advmod |
| 25 | difficult | difficult | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 forge | parataxis |
| 26 | than | than | ADP | _ | 27 that | case |
| 27 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 25 difficult | obl |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 19 forge | punct |
| 29 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 forge | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | thing | mill nsubj; who nsubj; the sky obj; shape property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | bend | present | the sky | our country | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent above country=Location | ||||
| 3 | forge | to-infinitive | surely property | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | is | present | the Sampo | than that; difficult property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/2/141/