The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Unexpected Journey, sentence 106
Out of doors the sun was shining; by the window a cuckoo was calling; in the air sweet voices were sounding.
Who acts: sun, cuckoo, sweet voices · What happens: shine, call, sound · To what, where: doors, air · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Unexpected Journey. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sun, cuckoo, sweet voices), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Out | out | ADP | _ | 3 doors | case |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 3 doors | case |
| 3 | doors | door | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 shining | obl |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 sun | det |
| 5 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 shining | nsubj |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 shining | aux |
| 7 | shining | shine | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 calling | punct |
| 9 | by | by | ADP | _ | 11 window | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 window | det |
| 11 | window | window | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 calling | obl |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 cuckoo | det |
| 13 | cuckoo | cuckoo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 calling | nsubj |
| 14 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 calling | aux |
| 15 | calling | call | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 shining | conj |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 23 sounding | punct |
| 17 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 air | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 air | det |
| 19 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 sounding | obl |
| 20 | sweet | sweet | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 voices | amod |
| 21 | voices | voice | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 sounding | nsubj |
| 22 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 sounding | aux |
| 23 | sounding | sound | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 shining | conj |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 shining | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | shine | past · progressive | the sun | doors | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme out door=Location | ||||
| 2 | call | past · progressive | a cuckoo | by the window | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | sound | past · progressive | sweet voices | the air | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in air=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/20/106/