The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Barking Dogs, sentence 55
“In my lifetime I have heard much barking,” he said, “but never such barking as this.
Who acts: man · What happens: hear, bark, say, not bark · To what, where: lifetime · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Barking Dogs. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 said | punct |
| 2 | In | in | ADP | _ | 4 lifetime | case |
| 3 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 lifetime | nmod:poss |
| 4 | lifetime | lifetime | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 said | obl |
| 5 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 7 heard | nsubj |
| 6 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 heard | aux |
| 7 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 lifetime | acl:relcl |
| 8 | much | much | ADV | _ | 9 barking | advmod |
| 9 | barking | bark | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 heard | advcl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 lifetime | punct |
| 11 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 lifetime | punct |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 said | nsubj |
| 13 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 barking | punct |
| 15 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 barking | punct |
| 16 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 19 barking | cc |
| 17 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 19 barking | advmod |
| 18 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 barking | amod |
| 19 | barking | bark | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 13 said | ccomp |
| 20 | as | as | ADP | _ | 21 this | case |
| 21 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 19 barking | obl |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear in a quote | present · perfect | man | my lifetime not said here | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer lifetime=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | bark in a quote | gerund | man not said here | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | man | my lifetime | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 4 | not bark in a quote | gerund | as this | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/22/55/