The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Great Pike, sentence 58
There for many days he toiled at his forge; for many days he watched the magic caldron in the midst of his glowing furnace; for many days he tried all his wizard arts, singing strange songs and reciting secret runes which only the wisest may ever know.
Who acts: darkness · What happens: toil, watch, glow, try, sing, recite · To what, where: forge, magic caldron, midst, wizard arts, strange songs, secret runes
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Great Pike. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (darkness), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 6 toiled | expl |
| 2 | for | for | ADP | _ | 4 days | case |
| 3 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 days | amod |
| 4 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 toiled | obl |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 toiled | nsubj |
| 6 | toiled | toil | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | at | at | ADP | _ | 9 forge | case |
| 8 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 forge | nmod:poss |
| 9 | forge | forge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 toiled | obl |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 watched | punct |
| 11 | for | for | ADP | _ | 13 days | case |
| 12 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 days | amod |
| 13 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 watched | obl |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 watched | nsubj |
| 15 | watched | watch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 toiled | advcl |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 caldron | det |
| 17 | magic | magic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 caldron | amod |
| 18 | caldron | caldron | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 watched | obj |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 21 midst | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 midst | det |
| 21 | midst | midst | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 watched | obl |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 furnace | case |
| 23 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 furnace | nmod:poss |
| 24 | glowing | glow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 25 furnace | amod |
| 25 | furnace | furnace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 midst | nmod |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 31 tried | punct |
| 27 | for | for | ADP | _ | 29 days | case |
| 28 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 days | amod |
| 29 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 tried | obl |
| 30 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 tried | nsubj |
| 31 | tried | try | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 toiled | conj |
| 32 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 35 arts | det:predet |
| 33 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 arts | nmod:poss |
| 34 | wizard | wizard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 arts | amod |
| 35 | arts | art | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 tried | obj |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 singing | punct |
| 37 | singing | sing | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 31 tried | advcl |
| 38 | strange | strange | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 songs | amod |
| 39 | songs | song | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 singing | obj |
| 40 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 reciting | cc |
| 41 | reciting | recite | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 37 singing | conj |
| 42 | secret | secret | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 runes | amod |
| 43 | runes | rune | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 reciting | obj |
| 44 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 50 know | obj |
| 45 | only | only | ADV | _ | 50 know | advmod |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 know | obl |
| 47 | wisest | wise | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 46 the | nmod |
| 48 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 50 know | aux |
| 49 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 50 know | advmod |
| 50 | know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 43 runes | acl:relcl |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 toiled | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | toil | past | darkness | darkness's forge; there | day | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at forge=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | watch | past | darkness | the magic caldron | the midst of darkness's glowing furnace | day | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent caldron=Theme | ||
| 3 | glow | gerund | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | try | past | darkness | darkness's wizard arts | day | vn try-61.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent art=Eventuality | |||
| 5 | sing speech: express | gerund | darkness not said here | strange songs | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location song=Theme | ||||
| 6 | recite | gerund | darkness not said here | secret runes | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rune=Theme | ||||
| 7 | know | may | secret runes | ever | the wisest obl | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer which=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/25/58/