The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Wedding Feast, sentence 68
Swiftly he drove his bright-hued sledge into the courtyard, and quickly he alighted while the bluebirds sang and the cuckoos called lustily to the swallows beneath the eaves.
Who acts: bridegroom, bluebirds · What happens: drive, hue, alight, sing, call · To what, where: bright hued sledge, courtyard, cuckoos, swallows · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Wedding Feast. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bridegroom, bluebirds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Swiftly | swiftly | ADV | _ | 3 drove | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 drove | nsubj |
| 3 | drove | drive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 sledge | nmod:poss |
| 5 | bright | bright | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 sledge | amod |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 5 bright | punct |
| 7 | hued | hue | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 sledge | amod |
| 8 | sledge | sledge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 drove | obj |
| 9 | into | into | ADP | _ | 11 courtyard | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 courtyard | det |
| 11 | courtyard | courtyard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 drove | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 alighted | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 alighted | cc |
| 14 | quickly | quickly | ADV | _ | 16 alighted | advmod |
| 15 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 alighted | nsubj |
| 16 | alighted | alight | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 drove | conj |
| 17 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 20 sang | mark |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 bluebirds | det |
| 19 | bluebirds | bluebird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 sang | nsubj |
| 20 | sang | sing | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 alighted | advcl |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 cuckoos | cc |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 cuckoos | det |
| 23 | cuckoos | cuckoo | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 sang | obj |
| 24 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 cuckoos | acl |
| 25 | lustily | lustily | ADV | _ | 24 called | advmod |
| 26 | to | to | ADP | _ | 28 swallows | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 swallows | det |
| 28 | swallows | swallow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 called | obl |
| 29 | beneath | beneath | ADP | _ | 31 eaves | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 eaves | det |
| 31 | eaves | eave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 swallows | nmod |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 drove | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | drive | past | bridegroom | bridegroom's bright hued sledge | the courtyard | swiftly property | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent sledge=Theme into courtyard=Trajectory | ||
| 2 | hue | participle | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | alight | participle | bridegroom | quickly property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | sing speech: express | past | the bluebirds | the cuckoos | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location cuckoo=Theme | ||||
| 5 | call | participle | the cuckoos not said here | the swallows beneath the eaves | lustily property | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to swallow=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/27/68/