The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Slave Boy, sentence 37
The cattle were waiting to be driven to the pasture, the milk cows were lowing impatiently, the yearlings were browsing beside the hedges.
Who acts: cattle, milk cows, yearlings · What happens: wait, drive, low, browse · To what, where: pasture, hedges
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Slave Boy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cattle, milk cows, yearlings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 cattle | det |
| 2 | cattle | cattle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 waiting | nsubj |
| 3 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 waiting | aux |
| 4 | waiting | wait | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 driven | mark |
| 6 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 7 driven | aux:pass |
| 7 | driven | drive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 waiting | advcl |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 pasture | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 pasture | det |
| 10 | pasture | pasture | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 driven | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 lowing | punct |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 cows | det |
| 13 | milk | milk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 cows | compound |
| 14 | cows | cow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 lowing | nsubj |
| 15 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 lowing | aux |
| 16 | lowing | low | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 waiting | conj |
| 17 | impatiently | impatiently | ADV | _ | 16 lowing | advmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 browsing | punct |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 yearlings | det |
| 20 | yearlings | yearling | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 browsing | nsubj |
| 21 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 browsing | aux |
| 22 | browsing | browse | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 waiting | conj |
| 23 | beside | beside | ADP | _ | 25 hedges | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 hedges | det |
| 25 | hedges | hedge | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 browsing | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 waiting | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | wait | past · progressive | the cattle | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | drive | to-infinitive · passive | the cattle not said here | the pasture | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: to pasture=Trajectory | ||||
| 3 | low | past · progressive | the milk cows | impatiently property | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | browse | past · progressive | the yearlings | the hedges | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/29/37/