The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Slave Boy, sentence 62
The grasshoppers chirped at his feet and the crows scolded him harshly from the treetops.
Who acts: grasshoppers, crows · What happens: chirp, scold · To what, where: sun, treetops
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Slave Boy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (grasshoppers, crows), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 grasshoppers | det |
| 2 | grasshoppers | grasshopper | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 chirped | nsubj |
| 3 | chirped | chirp | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | at | at | ADP | _ | 6 feet | case |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 feet | nmod:poss |
| 6 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 chirped | obl |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 scolded | cc |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 crows | det |
| 9 | crows | crow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 scolded | nsubj |
| 10 | scolded | scold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 chirped | conj |
| 11 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 scolded | obj |
| 12 | harshly | harshly | ADV | _ | 10 scolded | advmod |
| 13 | from | from | ADP | _ | 15 treetops | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 treetops | det |
| 15 | treetops | treetop | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 scolded | obl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 chirped | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | chirp | past | the grasshoppers | at sun's feet | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Agent at foot=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | scold | past | the crows | sun | the treetops | harshly property | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/29/62/