The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Maid of Beauty, sentence 100
He cracked his whip, he shouted, and the long-legged racer flew swiftly over meadows and forests, over mountains and lowlands.
Who acts: misfortune, legged racer · What happens: crack, shout, fly · To what, where: whip, meadows
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Maid of Beauty. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (misfortune, legged racer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 cracked | nsubj |
| 2 | cracked | crack | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 whip | nmod:poss |
| 4 | whip | whip | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 cracked | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 shouted | punct |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 shouted | nsubj |
| 7 | shouted | shout | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 cracked | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 flew | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 flew | cc |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 racer | det |
| 11 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 legged | amod |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 11 long | punct |
| 13 | legged | legged | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 racer | amod |
| 14 | racer | racer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 flew | nsubj |
| 15 | flew | fly | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 cracked | conj |
| 16 | swiftly | swiftly | ADV | _ | 15 flew | advmod |
| 17 | over | over | ADP | _ | 18 meadows | case |
| 18 | meadows | meadow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 flew | obl |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 forests | cc |
| 20 | forests | forest | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 meadows | conj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 mountains | punct |
| 22 | over | over | ADP | _ | 23 mountains | case |
| 23 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 meadows | conj |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 lowlands | cc |
| 25 | lowlands | lowland | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 meadows | conj |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 cracked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | crack | past | misfortune | misfortune's whip | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location whip=Theme | ||||
| 2 | shout speech: express | past | misfortune | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | fly | past | the legged racer | meadows and forests and mountains and lowlands | swiftly property | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over meadow=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/3/100/