The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Kantele, sentence 12
“O thou lively Ahti,” then cried the Minstrel, “lean far over the gunwales and look below.
Who acts: lively Ahti · What happens: cry, lean, look · To what, where: Minstrel · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Kantele. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lively Ahti), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 Ahti | punct |
| 2 | O | o | INTJ | _ | 4 lively | discourse |
| 3 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 4 lively | nsubj |
| 4 | lively | lively | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 Ahti | amod |
| 5 | Ahti | Ahti | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 cried | nsubj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 Ahti | punct |
| 7 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 Ahti | punct |
| 8 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 9 cried | advmod |
| 9 | cried | cry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 Minstrel | det |
| 11 | Minstrel | Minstrel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 cried | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 lean | punct |
| 13 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 lean | punct |
| 14 | lean | lean | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 cried | conj |
| 15 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 14 lean | advmod |
| 16 | over | over | ADP | _ | 18 gunwales | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 gunwales | det |
| 18 | gunwales | gunwale | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 far | obl |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 look | cc |
| 20 | look | look | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 lean | conj |
| 21 | below | below | ADV | _ | 20 look | advmod |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 cried | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cry speech: express | past | lively Ahti | the Minstrel | then | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent minstrel=Topic | |||
| 2 | lean in a quote | infinitive | lively Ahti not said here | far property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | look in a quote | infinitive | lively Ahti not said here | below property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/34/12/