The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Kantele, sentence 41
Then, drawing the sword—the keen-edged sword, Faultless, which the Smith had forged for him—he leaped into the sea, he dived deep down to the fish’s resting-place.
Who acts: Faultless · What happens: draw, edge, forge, leap, dive · To what, where: sword, keen edged sword, sea, resting place
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Kantele. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Faultless), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 drawing | advmod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Then | punct |
| 3 | drawing | draw | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 sword | det |
| 5 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 drawing | obj |
| 6 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 11 sword | punct |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 sword | det |
| 8 | keen | keen | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 sword | amod |
| 9 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 8 keen | punct |
| 10 | edged | edge | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 sword | amod |
| 11 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 drawing | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 Faultless | punct |
| 13 | Faultless | Faultless | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 sword | appos |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 forged | punct |
| 15 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 19 forged | nsubj:pass |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 Smith | det |
| 17 | Smith | Smith | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 forged | nsubj:pass |
| 18 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 forged | aux |
| 19 | forged | forge | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 sword | conj |
| 20 | for | for | ADP | _ | 21 him | case |
| 21 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 forged | obl |
| 22 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 24 leaped | punct |
| 23 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 leaped | nsubj |
| 24 | leaped | leap | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 drawing | conj |
| 25 | into | into | ADP | _ | 27 sea | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 sea | det |
| 27 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 leaped | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 dived | punct |
| 29 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 dived | nsubj |
| 30 | dived | dive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 leaped | conj |
| 31 | deep | deep | ADV | _ | 32 down | advmod |
| 32 | down | down | ADV | _ | 30 dived | advmod |
| 33 | to | to | ADP | _ | 39 place | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 fish | det |
| 35 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 place | nmod:poss |
| 36 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 35 fish | case |
| 37 | resting | resting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 place | compound |
| 38 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 37 resting | punct |
| 39 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 dived | obl |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 drawing | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | draw | gerund | the sword | then | the keen edged sword obl | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sword=Theme | |||
| 2 | edge | participle | vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | forge | past · perfect · passive | the keen edged sword | for Faultless; the Smith nsubj:pass | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: subject=Product for he=Beneficiary | ||||
| 4 | leap | past | Faultless | the sea | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into sea=Destination | ||||
| 5 | dive | past | Faultless | the fish's resting place | down property | vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to place=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/34/41/