The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Kantele, sentence 7
And now the rowers were silent, the maidens had ceased their singing, the young men refrained from shouting, even the nimble Ahti left off his dancing and sat quietly at the feet of Ilmarinen.
Who acts: rowers, young men, nimble Ahti, maidens, Ahti · What happens: be, cease, refrain, shout, leave off, sit · To what, where: maidens, dancing, feet
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Kantele. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rowers, young men, nimble Ahti, maidens), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 silent | cc |
| 2 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 6 silent | advmod |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 rowers | det |
| 4 | rowers | rower | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 silent | nsubj |
| 5 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 silent | cop |
| 6 | silent | silent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 ceased | punct |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 maidens | det |
| 9 | maidens | maiden | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 ceased | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 ceased | aux |
| 11 | ceased | cease | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 silent | conj |
| 12 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 singing | nmod:poss |
| 13 | singing | singing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 ceased | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 refrained | punct |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 men | det |
| 16 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 men | amod |
| 17 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 refrained | nsubj |
| 18 | refrained | refrain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 ceased | conj |
| 19 | from | from | ADP | _ | 20 shouting | case |
| 20 | shouting | shout | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 18 refrained | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 left | punct |
| 22 | even | even | ADV | _ | 25 Ahti | advmod |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 Ahti | det |
| 24 | nimble | nimble | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 Ahti | amod |
| 25 | Ahti | Ahti | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 left | nsubj |
| 26 | left | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 refrained | conj |
| 27 | off | off | ADP | _ | 26 left | compound:prt |
| 28 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 dancing | nmod:poss |
| 29 | dancing | dancing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 left | obj |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 sat | cc |
| 31 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 left | conj |
| 32 | quietly | quietly | ADV | _ | 31 sat | advmod |
| 33 | at | at | ADP | _ | 35 feet | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 feet | det |
| 35 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 sat | obl |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 Ilmarinen | case |
| 37 | Ilmarinen | Ilmarinen | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 feet | nmod |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 silent | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | the rowers | now | silent property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | cease | past · perfect · passive | the maidens | maidens's singing obj | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | refrain | past | the young men | vn refrain-69 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | shout speech: express | gerund | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | leave off | past | the nimble Ahti | Ahti's dancing | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dancing=Theme | ||||
| 6 | sit | past | the nimble Ahti not said here | the feet of Ilmarinen | quietly property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at foot=Location | |||
| 7 | sing | maidens = maiden | nom singing «act transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 8 | dance | Ahti | nom dancing «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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