The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Triumph of Music, sentence 20

Suddenly she was startled by hearing another sound—a strange, unusual noise, a clamor as of the voices of many people all trying to speak at once, all trying to make themselves heard.

Who acts: all, people · What happens: startle, hear, try, speak, make · To what, where: sound, people · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Triumph of Music. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (all, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Suddenly	suddenly	ADV	_	4 startled	advmod
2	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 startled	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 startled	aux:pass
4	startled	startle	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	SCONJ	_	6 hearing	mark
6	hearing	hear	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 startled	advcl
7	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	8 sound	det
8	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hearing	obj
9	—	-	PUNCT	_	14 noise	punct
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 noise	det
11	strange	strange	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 noise	amod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 strange	punct
13	unusual	unusual	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 noise	amod
14	noise	noise	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 startled	parataxis
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 clamor	punct
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 clamor	det
17	clamor	clamor	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 noise	appos
18	as	as	ADP	ExtPos=ADP	21 voices	case
19	of	of	ADP	_	18 as	fixed
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 voices	det
21	voices	voice	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 clamor	nmod
22	of	of	ADP	_	24 people	case
23	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 people	amod
24	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 voices	nmod
25	all	all	ADV	_	26 trying	advmod
26	trying	try	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	17 clamor	appos
27	to	to	PART	_	28 speak	mark
28	speak	speak	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	26 trying	xcomp
29	at	at	ADP	_	30 once	case
30	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	28 speak	obl
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 trying	punct
32	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	33 trying	nsubj
33	trying	try	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	14 noise	parataxis
34	to	to	PART	_	35 make	mark
35	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	33 trying	xcomp
36	themselves	themselves	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	35 make	obj
37	heard	hear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	35 make	xcomp
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 startled	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	startle	past · passive		sound	a strange unusual noise parataxis; suddenly property	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer
2	hear	gerund		another sound		vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer sound=Stimulus
3	try	gerund			all property	vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
4	speak speech: other not said to happen	to-infinitive				vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	try	gerund	all			vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
6	make not said to happen	to-infinitive	all not said here	people		tree rules
7	hear not said to happen	participle	people not said here			vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/35/20/

🌲 The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Triumph of Music, sentence 20

The tree

Pragmatics

The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Triumph of Music, sentence 20