The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Fate of the Sampo, sentence 71
As a giant pine, when rent by the storm, falls crashing from the mountain top and is swallowed in the bottomless gorge below, so fell the hero.
What happens: rend, fall, crash, swallow · To what, where: mountain top, bottomless gorge, hero
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Fate of the Sampo. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | ADP | _ | 4 pine | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 pine | det |
| 3 | giant | giant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 pine | amod |
| 4 | pine | pine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 falls | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 rent | punct |
| 6 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 7 rent | advmod |
| 7 | rent | rend | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 pine | acl |
| 8 | by | by | ADP | _ | 10 storm | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 storm | det |
| 10 | storm | storm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 rent | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 pine | punct |
| 12 | falls | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | crashing | crash | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 12 falls | xcomp |
| 14 | from | from | ADP | _ | 17 top | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 top | det |
| 16 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 top | compound |
| 17 | top | top | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 crashing | obl |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 swallowed | cc |
| 19 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 swallowed | aux:pass |
| 20 | swallowed | swallow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 falls | conj |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 gorge | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 gorge | det |
| 23 | bottomless | bottomless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 gorge | amod |
| 24 | gorge | gorge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 swallowed | obl |
| 25 | below | below | ADV | _ | 24 gorge | advmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 fell | punct |
| 27 | so | so | ADV | _ | 28 fell | advmod |
| 28 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 falls | conj |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 hero | det |
| 30 | hero | hero | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 fell | obj |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 falls | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rend | participle | by the storm | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 2 | fall | present | as a giant pine | vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | |||||
| 3 | crash | gerund | the mountain top | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 4 | swallow | present · passive | the bottomless gorge | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V» | |||||
| 5 | fall | past | the hero | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient hero=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/38/71/