The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Graybeard and His Son, sentence 39
“Welcome, stranger!” echoed the Graybeard’s son, peeping over his father’s shoulder.
Who acts: stranger · What happens: echo, peep · To what, where: son
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Graybeard and His Son. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (stranger), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 echoed | punct |
| 2 | Welcome | welcome | INTJ | _ | 7 echoed | discourse |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 stranger | punct |
| 4 | stranger | stranger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 echoed | nsubj |
| 5 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 4 stranger | punct |
| 6 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 stranger | punct |
| 7 | echoed | echo | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 Graybeard | det |
| 9 | Graybeard | Graybeard | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 son | nmod:poss |
| 10 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 9 Graybeard | case |
| 11 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 echoed | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 peeping | punct |
| 13 | peeping | peep | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 7 echoed | advcl |
| 14 | over | over | ADP | _ | 18 shoulder | case |
| 15 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 father | nmod:poss |
| 16 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 shoulder | nmod:poss |
| 17 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 16 father | case |
| 18 | shoulder | shoulder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 peeping | obl |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 echoed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | echo | past | stranger | the Graybeard's son | vn sound_existence-47.4 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location son=Theme | ||||
| 2 | peep | gerund | stranger not said here | over stranger's father's shoulder | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent over shoulder=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/4/39/