The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Wicked Hornet, sentence 45
And there, where the bears had trailed and the wolves had rushed and the deer had left their footprints, he found ruddy Iron, dusky Iron, yellow ore of Iron peeping, trembling, hiding.
Who acts: bears, Smith, yellow ore · What happens: trail, rush, leave, find, peep, tremble · To what, where: wolves, deer, ruddy Iron
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Wicked Hornet. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bears, Smith, yellow ore), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 trailed | cc |
| 2 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 8 trailed | advmod |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 trailed | punct |
| 4 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 8 trailed | advmod |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 bears | det |
| 6 | bears | bear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 trailed | nsubj |
| 7 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 trailed | aux |
| 8 | trailed | trail | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 rushed | cc |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 wolves | det |
| 11 | wolves | wolf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 rushed | nsubj:pass |
| 12 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 rushed | aux |
| 13 | rushed | rush | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 trailed | conj |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 left | cc |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 deer | det |
| 16 | deer | deer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 left | nsubj:pass |
| 17 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 left | aux |
| 18 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 rushed | conj |
| 19 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 footprints | nmod:poss |
| 20 | footprints | footprint | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 left | obj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 found | punct |
| 22 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 found | nsubj |
| 23 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 left | conj |
| 24 | ruddy | ruddy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 Iron | amod |
| 25 | Iron | Iron | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 found | obj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 Iron | punct |
| 27 | dusky | dusky | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 Iron | amod |
| 28 | Iron | Iron | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 Iron | conj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 ore | punct |
| 30 | yellow | yellow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 ore | amod |
| 31 | ore | ore | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 Iron | conj |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 Iron | case |
| 33 | Iron | Iron | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 ore | nmod |
| 34 | peeping | peep | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 31 ore | acl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 trembling | punct |
| 36 | trembling | tremble | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 34 peeping | conj |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 hiding | punct |
| 38 | hiding | hide | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 34 peeping | conj |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 trailed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | trail | past · perfect | the bears | there | vn chase-51.6 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | rush | past · perfect · passive | the wolves | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Trajectory | |||||
| 3 | leave | past · perfect · passive | the deer | deer's footprints obj | vn sustain-55.6-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Theme footprint=Attribute | ||||
| 4 | find | past | Smith | ruddy Iron and dusky Iron and yellow ore of Iron | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent iron=Topic | ||||
| 5 | peep | gerund | yellow ore of Iron not said here | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | tremble | gerund | yellow ore of Iron not said here | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 7 | hide | gerund | yellow ore of Iron not said here | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/5/45/