The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Tree of Magic, sentence 39
Then he chuckled to the reindeer, and the birchwood runners glided more smoothly over the causeway.
Who acts: other, birchwood runners · What happens: chuckle, glide · To what, where: reindeer, causeway
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Tree of Magic. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (other, birchwood runners), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 chuckled | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 chuckled | nsubj |
| 3 | chuckled | chuckle | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 reindeer | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 reindeer | det |
| 6 | reindeer | reindeer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 chuckled | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 glided | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 glided | cc |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 runners | det |
| 10 | birchwood | birchwood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 runners | compound |
| 11 | runners | runner | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 glided | nsubj |
| 12 | glided | glide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 chuckled | conj |
| 13 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 14 smoothly | advmod |
| 14 | smoothly | smoothly | ADV | _ | 12 glided | advmod |
| 15 | over | over | ADP | _ | 17 causeway | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 causeway | det |
| 17 | causeway | causeway | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 glided | obl |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 chuckled | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | chuckle | past | other | the reindeer | then | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to reindeer=Recipient | |||
| 2 | glide | past | the birchwood runners | the causeway | smoothly property | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over causeway=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/6/39/