The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Tree of Magic, sentence 42
He leaped from the sledge and began to draw magic circles upon the ground.
Who acts: Minstrel · What happens: leap, begin, draw · To what, where: sledge, magic circles
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Tree of Magic. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Minstrel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 leaped | nsubj |
| 2 | leaped | leap | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | from | from | ADP | _ | 5 sledge | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 sledge | det |
| 5 | sledge | sledge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 leaped | obl |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 began | cc |
| 7 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 leaped | conj |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 draw | mark |
| 9 | draw | draw | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 began | xcomp |
| 10 | magic | magic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 circles | amod |
| 11 | circles | circle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 draw | obj |
| 12 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 14 ground | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 ground | det |
| 14 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 draw | obl |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 leaped | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | leap | past | Minstrel | the sledge | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from sledge=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | begin | past | Minstrel not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | draw | to-infinitive | Minstrel not said here | magic circles | upon the ground | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent circle=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/6/42/