The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Tree of Magic, sentence 44
He lifted his arms above his head, and sang a song so weird and wild that the pine trees shuddered and shrieked.
Who acts: Minstrel, pine trees · What happens: lift, sing, shudder, shriek · To what, where: arms, head, song
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Tree of Magic. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Minstrel, pine trees), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 lifted | nsubj |
| 2 | lifted | lift | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 arms | nmod:poss |
| 4 | arms | arm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 lifted | obj |
| 5 | above | above | ADP | _ | 7 head | case |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 head | nmod:poss |
| 7 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 lifted | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 sang | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 sang | cc |
| 10 | sang | sing | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 lifted | conj |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 song | det |
| 12 | song | song | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 sang | obj |
| 13 | so | so | ADV | _ | 14 weird | advmod |
| 14 | weird | weird | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 sang | xcomp |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 wild | cc |
| 16 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 weird | conj |
| 17 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 21 shuddered | mark |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 trees | det |
| 19 | pine | pine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 trees | compound |
| 20 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 shuddered | nsubj |
| 21 | shuddered | shudder | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 weird | advcl |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 shrieked | cc |
| 23 | shrieked | shriek | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 shuddered | conj |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 lifted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lift | past | Minstrel | Minstrel's arms | Minstrel's head | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent arm=Theme above head=Destination | |||
| 2 | sing speech: express | past | Minstrel not said here | a song | weird property | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location song=Theme | |||
| 3 | shudder | past | the pine trees | vn body_internal_states-40.6 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 4 | shriek | past | the pine trees not said here | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/6/44/