The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Smithy, sentence 9
He approached the field and paused quite near to the grove, listening, smiling as though he expected something.
Who acts: Minstrel · What happens: approach, pause, listen, smile, expect · To what, where: field, something
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Smithy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Minstrel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 approached | nsubj |
| 2 | approached | approach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 field | det |
| 4 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 approached | obj |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 paused | cc |
| 6 | paused | pause | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 approached | conj |
| 7 | quite | quite | ADV | _ | 8 near | advmod |
| 8 | near | near | ADV | _ | 6 paused | advmod |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 grove | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 grove | det |
| 11 | grove | grove | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 paused | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 listening | punct |
| 13 | listening | listen | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 paused | advcl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 smiling | punct |
| 15 | smiling | smile | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 listening | conj |
| 16 | as | as | ADV | _ | 19 expected | advmod |
| 17 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 19 expected | mark |
| 18 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 expected | nsubj |
| 19 | expected | expect | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 smiling | advcl |
| 20 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 19 expected | obj |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 approached | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | approach | past | Minstrel | the field | vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent field=Theme | ||||
| 2 | pause | past | Minstrel not said here | to the grove; near property | vn linger-53.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | listen | gerund | Minstrel not said here | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | smile | gerund | Minstrel not said here | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | expect | past | Minstrel | something | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/7/9/