The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Smithy, sentence 98
“Yes, let us go,” said the Smith joyfully; and he hastened to cover the fire in his forge, to put his tools in their places, to remove his sooty apron.
Who acts: us, Smith · What happens: let, go, say, hasten, cover, put · To what, where: us, fire, tools, places, sooty apron · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Smithy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (us, Smith), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 let | punct |
| 2 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 4 let | discourse |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Yes | punct |
| 4 | let | let | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 said | ccomp |
| 5 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 let | obj |
| 6 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 let | xcomp |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 let | punct |
| 8 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 let | punct |
| 9 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 Smith | det |
| 11 | Smith | Smith | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 said | nsubj |
| 12 | joyfully | joyfully | ADV | _ | 11 Smith | advmod |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 hastened | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 hastened | cc |
| 15 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 hastened | nsubj |
| 16 | hastened | hasten | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 said | conj |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 cover | mark |
| 18 | cover | cover | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 hastened | xcomp |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 fire | det |
| 20 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 cover | obj |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 forge | case |
| 22 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 forge | nmod:poss |
| 23 | forge | forge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 cover | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 put | punct |
| 25 | to | to | PART | _ | 26 put | mark |
| 26 | put | put | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 cover | conj |
| 27 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 tools | nmod:poss |
| 28 | tools | tool | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 put | obj |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 places | case |
| 30 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 places | nmod:poss |
| 31 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 put | obl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 remove | punct |
| 33 | to | to | PART | _ | 34 remove | mark |
| 34 | remove | remove | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 put | conj |
| 35 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 apron | nmod:poss |
| 36 | sooty | sooty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 apron | amod |
| 37 | apron | apron | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 remove | obj |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | let in a quote | infinitive | us | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | go in a quote | infinitive | us not said here | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | the Smith | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | hasten | past | Smith | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | cover | to-infinitive | Smith not said here | the fire | in Smith's forge | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent fire=Destination in forge=Theme | |||
| 6 | put | to-infinitive | Smith not said here | Smith's tools | tools's places | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent tool=Theme in place=Destination | |||
| 7 | remove | to-infinitive | Smith not said here | Smith's sooty apron | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent apron=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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