The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Recipe, sentence 15
He paused suddenly, for he heard a rustling which was not the rustling of leaves, a breathing which was not the breathing of the South Wind, a pitty-pat of soft footsteps upon the floor.
Who acts: Wainamoinen, rustling, breathing · What happens: pause, hear, not be, pat · To what, where: rustling, breathing, soft footsteps
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Recipe. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wainamoinen, rustling, breathing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 paused | nsubj |
| 2 | paused | pause | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | suddenly | suddenly | ADV | _ | 2 paused | advmod |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 heard | punct |
| 5 | for | for | ADP | _ | 7 heard | case |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 heard | nsubj |
| 7 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 paused | conj |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 rustling | det |
| 9 | rustling | rustling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 heard | obj |
| 10 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 rustling | nsubj |
| 11 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 rustling | cop |
| 12 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 14 rustling | advmod |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 rustling | det |
| 14 | rustling | rustling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 rustling | acl:relcl |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 leaves | case |
| 16 | leaves | leaf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 rustling | nmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 breathing | punct |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 breathing | det |
| 19 | breathing | breathing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 rustling | conj |
| 20 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 24 breathing | nsubj |
| 21 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 breathing | cop |
| 22 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 24 breathing | advmod |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 breathing | det |
| 24 | breathing | breathing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 breathing | acl:relcl |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 Wind | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 Wind | det |
| 27 | South | South | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 Wind | compound |
| 28 | Wind | Wind | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 breathing | nmod |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 pat | punct |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 pat | det |
| 31 | pitty | pitty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 pat | compound |
| 32 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 31 pitty | punct |
| 33 | pat | pat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 breathing | conj |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 footsteps | case |
| 35 | soft | soft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 footsteps | amod |
| 36 | footsteps | footstep | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 pat | nmod |
| 37 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 39 floor | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 floor | det |
| 39 | floor | floor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 footsteps | nmod |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 paused | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pause | past | Wainamoinen | suddenly property | vn linger-53.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | hear | past | Wainamoinen | a rustling | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer rustling=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | not is a | past | a rustling | the rustling and a breathing | of leaves; a breathing conj | tree rules | |||
| 4 | not is a | past | a breathing | the breathing and a pitty pat of soft footsteps upon the floor | of the South Wind; a pitty pat of soft footsteps upon the floor conj | tree rules | |||
| 5 | pat | soft footsteps upon the floor | nom pat «event transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/9/15/