The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Recipe, sentence 26
She spoke, and her voice was cracked and harsh and grating.
Who acts: Mistress · What happens: speak, crack, grate · To what, where: voice · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Recipe. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mistress), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | She | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 spoke | nsubj |
| 2 | spoke | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 cracked | punct |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 cracked | cc |
| 5 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 voice | nmod:poss |
| 6 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 cracked | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 cracked | aux:pass |
| 8 | cracked | crack | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 spoke | parataxis |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 harsh | cc |
| 10 | harsh | harsh | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 cracked | conj |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 grating | cc |
| 12 | grating | grate | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 harsh | conj |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 spoke | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | speak speech: other | past | Mistress | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | crack | past · passive | Mistress's voice | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 3 | grate | gerund | vn appeal-31.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/9/26/