The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth, An Evil Eye., sentence 45
Then his friend laughed in derision, and said: Boasting is useless, and in words, all men can do everything, and every woman is another Rambhá[15].
Who acts: friend, Boasting, men, woman · What happens: laugh, say, be, do · To what, where: everything, words, Rambhá · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, An Evil Eye.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (friend, Boasting, men, woman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 laughed | advmod |
| 2 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 3 friend | nmod:poss |
| 3 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 laughed | nsubj |
| 4 | laughed | laugh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 derision | case |
| 6 | derision | derision | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 laughed | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 said | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 said | cc |
| 9 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 laughed | conj |
| 10 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 13 useless | punct |
| 11 | Boasting | boasting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 useless | nsubj |
| 12 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 useless | cop |
| 13 | useless | useless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 said | ccomp |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 do | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 do | cc |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 words | case |
| 17 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 do | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 words | punct |
| 19 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 20 men | det |
| 20 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 do | nsubj |
| 21 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 do | aux |
| 22 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 useless | conj |
| 23 | everything | everything | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Tot | 22 do | obj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 Rambhá | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 Rambhá | cc |
| 26 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 27 woman | det |
| 27 | woman | woman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 Rambhá | nsubj |
| 28 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 Rambhá | cop |
| 29 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 30 Rambhá | det |
| 30 | Rambhá | Rambhá | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 laughed | parataxis |
| 31 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 32 15 | punct |
| 32 | 15 | 15 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 30 Rambhá | appos |
| 33 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 32 15 | punct |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 laughed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | laugh | past | Tilottamá's friend | then | in derision | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in derision=Theme | |||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | Tilottamá's friend not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | is | present | Boasting | useless property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | do | can | all men | everything | words | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent everything=Eventuality | |||
| 5 | is a | present | every woman | another Rambhá | 15 appos | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, Project Gutenberg book 68641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg68641/2/45/