The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth, An Evil Eye., sentence 68
And round him the ants had built up their hills, and his beard and hair trailed from his head, like creepers, and ran down along the ground, and were covered with leaves: and over his withered limbs played a pair of lizards, like living emeralds.
Who acts: beard · What happens: round, build up, trail, run down, cover, wither · To what, where: hand, ants, head, ground, pair, withered limbs
This is a sentence of «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, An Evil Eye.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (beard), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 2 round | cc |
| 2 | round | round | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 26 ran | parataxis |
| 3 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 round | obj |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 ants | det |
| 5 | ants | ant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 built | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 built | aux |
| 7 | built | build | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 round | advcl |
| 8 | up | up | ADP | _ | 7 built | compound:prt |
| 9 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 hills | nmod:poss |
| 10 | hills | hill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 built | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 trailed | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 trailed | cc |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 beard | nmod:poss |
| 14 | beard | beard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 trailed | nsubj |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 hair | cc |
| 16 | hair | hair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 beard | conj |
| 17 | trailed | trail | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 round | advcl |
| 18 | from | from | ADP | _ | 20 head | case |
| 19 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 head | nmod:poss |
| 20 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 trailed | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 creepers | punct |
| 22 | like | like | ADP | _ | 23 creepers | case |
| 23 | creepers | creeper | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 trailed | conj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 ran | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 ran | cc |
| 26 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 27 | down | down | ADV | _ | 26 ran | advmod |
| 28 | along | along | ADP | _ | 30 ground | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 ground | det |
| 30 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 ran | obl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 covered | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 covered | cc |
| 33 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 covered | aux:pass |
| 34 | covered | cover | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 26 ran | conj |
| 35 | with | with | ADP | _ | 36 leaves | case |
| 36 | leaves | leaf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 covered | obl |
| 37 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 43 played | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 played | cc |
| 39 | over | over | ADP | _ | 42 limbs | case |
| 40 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 limbs | nmod:poss |
| 41 | withered | wither | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 42 limbs | amod |
| 42 | limbs | limb | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 played | obl |
| 43 | played | play | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 ran | conj |
| 44 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 45 pair | det |
| 45 | pair | pair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 played | obj |
| 46 | of | of | ADP | _ | 47 lizards | case |
| 47 | lizards | lizard | NOUN | Number=Plur | 45 pair | nmod |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 living | punct |
| 49 | like | like | SCONJ | _ | 50 living | mark |
| 50 | living | live | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 43 played | advcl |
| 51 | emeralds | emerald | NOUN | Number=Plur | 50 living | obj |
| 52 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 26 ran | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | round | infinitive | hand | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent he=Patient | |||||
| 2 | build up | past · perfect · passive | the ants | travellers's hills obj | vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient NP.extent PP.initial_state PP.result»: subject=Patient hill=Extent | ||||
| 3 | trail | participle | hand's beard and hair | hand's head | creepers conj | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent from head=Trajectory | |||
| 4 | run down | past | the ground | down property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme along ground=Trajectory | ||||
| 5 | cover | past · passive | with leaves | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: with leaf=Theme | |||||
| 6 | wither | participle | vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 7 | play | past | a pair of lizards | hand's withered limbs | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pair=Theme | ||||
| 8 | live | gerund | emeralds | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme emerald=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, Project Gutenberg book 68641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg68641/2/68/