The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth, A Sleep and a Dream., part 3, sentence 16
And he sighed deeply, and said to himself: Woe is me!
Who acts: Umra · What happens: sigh, say, be · To what, where: Umra, me · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, A Sleep and a Dream., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Umra), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 sighed | cc |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 sighed | nsubj |
| 3 | sighed | sigh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | deeply | deeply | ADV | _ | 3 sighed | advmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 said | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 said | cc |
| 7 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 sighed | conj |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 himself | case |
| 9 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 7 said | obl |
| 10 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 11 Woe | punct |
| 11 | Woe | woe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 me | appos |
| 12 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 me | cop |
| 13 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 7 said | ccomp |
| 14 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 3 sighed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sigh | past | Umra | deeply property | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | Umra not said here | Umra | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to himself=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | is a | present | me | Woe appos | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, Project Gutenberg book 68641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg68641/5/16/