The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth, A Sleep and a Dream., part 3, sentence 38
And Umra-Singh started back, and looked, and saw before him a root-eating Wairágí[1], clad in a coat of bark, with long hair, and nails like the claws of a bird, and his legs and arms were bare, and his skin like that on the foot of an elephant.
Who acts: Umra Singh, legs · What happens: start back, look, see, eat, clad, be · To what, where: foot, eating Wairágí, coat · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, A Sleep and a Dream., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Umra Singh, legs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 started | cc |
| 2 | Umra | Umra | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Singh | compound |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 2 Umra | punct |
| 4 | Singh | Singh | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 started | nsubj |
| 5 | started | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | back | back | ADV | _ | 5 started | advmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 looked | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 looked | cc |
| 9 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 started | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 saw | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 saw | cc |
| 12 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 looked | conj |
| 13 | before | before | ADP | _ | 14 him | case |
| 14 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 saw | obl |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 Wairágí | det |
| 16 | root | root | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 eating | compound |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 16 root | punct |
| 18 | eating | eat | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 19 Wairágí | amod |
| 19 | Wairágí | Wairágí | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 clad | nsubj:pass |
| 20 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 21 1 | punct |
| 21 | 1 | 1 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 24 clad | discourse |
| 22 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 21 1 | punct |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 clad | punct |
| 24 | clad | clad | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 saw | ccomp |
| 25 | in | in | ADP | _ | 27 coat | case |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 coat | det |
| 27 | coat | coat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 clad | obl |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 bark | case |
| 29 | bark | bark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 coat | nmod |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 hair | punct |
| 31 | with | with | ADP | _ | 33 hair | case |
| 32 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 hair | amod |
| 33 | hair | hair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 clad | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 nails | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 nails | cc |
| 36 | nails | nail | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 clad | obl |
| 37 | like | like | ADP | _ | 39 claws | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 claws | det |
| 39 | claws | claw | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 nails | nmod |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 bird | case |
| 41 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 42 bird | det |
| 42 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 claws | nmod |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 bare | punct |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 50 bare | cc |
| 45 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 46 legs | nmod:poss |
| 46 | legs | leg | NOUN | Number=Plur | 50 bare | nsubj |
| 47 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 48 arms | cc |
| 48 | arms | arm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 46 legs | conj |
| 49 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 50 bare | cop |
| 50 | bare | bare | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 started | parataxis |
| 51 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 59 foot | punct |
| 52 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 59 foot | cc |
| 53 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 54 skin | nmod:poss |
| 54 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 59 foot | nsubj |
| 55 | like | like | ADP | _ | 56 that | case |
| 56 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 54 skin | nmod |
| 57 | on | on | ADP | _ | 59 foot | case |
| 58 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 59 foot | det |
| 59 | foot | foot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 started | obl |
| 60 | of | of | ADP | _ | 62 elephant | case |
| 61 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 62 elephant | det |
| 62 | elephant | elephant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 59 foot | nmod |
| 63 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 started | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | start back | past | Umra Singh | the foot human's skin like that of a elephant | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | look | past | Umra Singh not said here | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | see | past | Umra Singh not said here | before human | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | eat | gerund | root compound | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | clad | participle · passive | a eating Wairágí | a coat of bark | with long hair; nails like the claws of a bird obl; 1 discourse | tree rules | |||
| 6 | is | past | human's legs and arms | bare property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, Project Gutenberg book 68641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg68641/5/38/