The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth, A Sleep and a Dream., part 3, sentence 58
Now in the roof of that temple there lived a number of the caste[4] of bats, that never left the temple precincts, And seeing the owl, they said to the old woman: Who art thou, and what kind of animal is this?
Who acts: bats, precincts, kind · What happens: live, not leave, see, say, be · To what, where: number, roof, temple precincts, owl, old woman, this · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, A Sleep and a Dream., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bats, precincts, kind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 9 lived | advmod |
| 2 | in | in | ADP | _ | 4 roof | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 roof | det |
| 4 | roof | roof | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 lived | obl |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 temple | case |
| 6 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 7 temple | det |
| 7 | temple | temple | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 roof | nmod |
| 8 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 9 lived | advmod |
| 9 | lived | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 number | det |
| 11 | number | number | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 lived | obj |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 caste | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 caste | det |
| 14 | caste | caste | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 number | nmod |
| 15 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 16 4 | punct |
| 16 | 4 | 4 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 14 caste | appos |
| 17 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 16 4 | punct |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 bats | case |
| 19 | bats | bat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 4 | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 left | punct |
| 21 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 23 left | nsubj |
| 22 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 23 left | advmod |
| 23 | left | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 bats | acl:relcl |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 precincts | det |
| 25 | temple | temple | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 precincts | compound |
| 26 | precincts | precinct | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 left | obj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 seeing | punct |
| 28 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 seeing | cc |
| 29 | seeing | see | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 9 lived | advcl |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 owl | det |
| 31 | owl | owl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 seeing | obj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 said | punct |
| 33 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 said | nsubj |
| 34 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 lived | conj |
| 35 | to | to | ADP | _ | 38 woman | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 woman | det |
| 37 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 woman | amod |
| 38 | woman | woman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 said | obl |
| 39 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 41 art | punct |
| 40 | Who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 41 art | nsubj |
| 41 | art | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 said | conj |
| 42 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 41 art | obj |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 this | punct |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 50 this | cc |
| 45 | what | what | DET | PronType=Int | 46 kind | det |
| 46 | kind | kind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 this | nsubj |
| 47 | of | of | ADP | _ | 48 animal | case |
| 48 | animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 kind | nmod |
| 49 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 50 this | cop |
| 50 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 9 lived | obl |
| 51 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 9 lived | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | past | a number of the caste | the roof of that temple; there | now | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme number=Location | |||
| 2 | not leave | past | bats | the temple precincts | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent precinct=Theme | ||||
| 3 | see | gerund | the owl | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer owl=Stimulus | |||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | past | precincts = precinct | the old woman | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to woman=Recipient | ||||
| 5 | is a | present | what kind of animal | this | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, Project Gutenberg book 68641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg68641/5/58/