The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth, A Sleep and a Dream., part 4, sentence 12
[2] _Jinn_, ogres, vampires, goblins, &c., are all but differentiations of the Hindoo Rákshasa, which is what the geologist calls a 'synthetic type' of evil being, whose special feature is its power of changing its shape at will (Kámarupa).
Who acts: Jinn ogres, Hindoo Rákshasa, geologist, synthetic type, power · What happens: be, call, change, type, feature · To what, where: differentiations, power, shape, evil · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, A Sleep and a Dream., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jinn ogres, Hindoo Rákshasa, geologist, synthetic type), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 2 2 | punct |
| 2 | 2 | 2 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 8 ogres | discourse |
| 3 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 2 2 | punct |
| 4 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 8 ogres | punct |
| 5 | Jinn | Jinn | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 ogres | compound |
| 6 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 5 Jinn | punct |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 ogres | punct |
| 8 | ogres | ogre | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 differentiations | nsubj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 vampires | punct |
| 10 | vampires | vampire | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 ogres | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 goblins | punct |
| 12 | goblins | goblin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 ogres | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 c. | punct |
| 14 | & | & | CCONJ | _ | 15 c. | cc |
| 15 | c. | c. | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 ogres | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 ogres | punct |
| 17 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 differentiations | cop |
| 18 | all | all | ADV | _ | 20 differentiations | advmod |
| 19 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 20 differentiations | cc |
| 20 | differentiations | differentiation | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 Rákshasa | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 Rákshasa | det |
| 23 | Hindoo | Hindoo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 Rákshasa | compound |
| 24 | Rákshasa | Rákshasa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 differentiations | nmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 what | punct |
| 26 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 28 what | nsubj |
| 27 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 what | cop |
| 28 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 24 Rákshasa | appos |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 geologist | det |
| 30 | geologist | geologist | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 calls | nsubj |
| 31 | calls | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 what | acl:relcl |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 type | det |
| 33 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 35 type | punct |
| 34 | synthetic | synthetic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 type | amod |
| 35 | type | type | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 power | nsubj |
| 36 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 35 type | punct |
| 37 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 evil | case |
| 38 | evil | evil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 type | nmod |
| 39 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 46 power | cop |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 power | punct |
| 41 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 43 feature | nmod:poss |
| 42 | special | special | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 feature | amod |
| 43 | feature | feature | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 power | nsubj |
| 44 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 46 power | cop |
| 45 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 46 power | nmod:poss |
| 46 | power | power | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 calls | ccomp |
| 47 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 48 changing | mark |
| 48 | changing | change | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 46 power | acl |
| 49 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 50 shape | nmod:poss |
| 50 | shape | shape | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 changing | obj |
| 51 | at | at | ADP | _ | 52 will | case |
| 52 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 48 changing | advcl |
| 53 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 54 Kámarupa | punct |
| 54 | Kámarupa | Kámarupa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 48 changing | parataxis |
| 55 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 54 Kámarupa | punct |
| 56 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 20 differentiations | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Jinn ogres and vampires and goblins & c. | differentiations | of the Hindoo Rákshasa; all property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | is a | present | the Hindoo Rákshasa | differentiations | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | call speech: assert | present | the geologist | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | is a | gerund | a synthetic type of evil | feature's power | feature's power's special feature nsubj; feature nmod:poss | tree rules | |||
| 5 | change | gerund | feature's power not said here | feature's shape | Kámarupa parataxis | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shape=Patient | |||
| 6 | type | evil | nom type «cognition transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 7 | feature | feature's power | nom feature «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, Project Gutenberg book 68641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg68641/6/12/