The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth, A Sleep and a Dream., part 4, sentence 23
Then he said to himself: Though I cut off the tongue of this ill-omened Wairágí, yet he never told me my way.
Who acts: word, I · What happens: say, cut off, omen, not tell · To what, where: word, tongue, way, me · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, A Sleep and a Dream., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (word, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 said | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 said | nsubj |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 5 himself | case |
| 5 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 3 said | obl |
| 6 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 9 cut | punct |
| 7 | Though | though | SCONJ | _ | 9 cut | mark |
| 8 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 9 cut | nsubj |
| 9 | cut | cut | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 said | parataxis |
| 10 | off | off | ADP | _ | 12 tongue | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 tongue | det |
| 12 | tongue | tongue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 cut | obl |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 Wairágí | case |
| 14 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 18 Wairágí | nsubj |
| 15 | ill | ill | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 omened | compound |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 15 ill | punct |
| 17 | omened | omen | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 Wairágí | amod |
| 18 | Wairágí | Wairágí | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 tongue | nmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 told | punct |
| 20 | yet | yet | CCONJ | _ | 23 told | cc |
| 21 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 told | nsubj |
| 22 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 23 told | advmod |
| 23 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 said | conj |
| 24 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 23 told | iobj |
| 25 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 way | nmod:poss |
| 26 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 told | obj |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | word | word | then | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to himself=Recipient | |||
| 2 | cut off | present | I | the tongue of omened Wairágí this | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector tongue=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | omen | participle | tree rules | ||||||
| 4 | not tell speech: assert | past | word | my way | me | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient way=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, Project Gutenberg book 68641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg68641/6/23/