The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth, A Sleep and a Dream., part 4, sentence 49
But he said: Beauty, lovely at night is the heaven with its stars, but lovelier still the dark blue sea, in which they are reflected, for it contains all their beauty, and adds another of its own.
Who acts: meaning, Beauty · What happens: say, be, reflect, contain, add · To what, where: heaven, stars, beauty, another · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, A Sleep and a Dream., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (meaning, Beauty), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 3 said | cc |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 said | nsubj |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 5 Beauty | punct |
| 5 | Beauty | beauty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 heaven | nsubj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 lovely | punct |
| 7 | lovely | lovely | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 Beauty | amod |
| 8 | at | at | ADP | _ | 9 night | case |
| 9 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 lovely | obl |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 heaven | cop |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 heaven | det |
| 12 | heaven | heaven | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 said | ccomp |
| 13 | with | with | ADP | _ | 15 stars | case |
| 14 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 stars | nmod:poss |
| 15 | stars | star | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 heaven | nmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 lovelier | punct |
| 17 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 18 lovelier | cc |
| 18 | lovelier | lovely | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 3 said | nsubj |
| 19 | still | still | ADV | _ | 23 sea | advmod |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 sea | det |
| 21 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 sea | amod |
| 22 | blue | blue | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 sea | amod |
| 23 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 lovelier | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 reflected | punct |
| 25 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 which | case |
| 26 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 29 reflected | obl |
| 27 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 reflected | nsubj |
| 28 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 reflected | aux:pass |
| 29 | reflected | reflect | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 lovelier | parataxis |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 contains | punct |
| 31 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 33 contains | mark |
| 32 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 contains | nsubj |
| 33 | contains | contain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 reflected | parataxis |
| 34 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 36 beauty | det:predet |
| 35 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 beauty | nmod:poss |
| 36 | beauty | beauty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 contains | obj |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 adds | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 adds | cc |
| 39 | adds | add | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 contains | conj |
| 40 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 39 adds | obj |
| 41 | of | of | ADP | _ | 43 own | case |
| 42 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 43 own | nmod:poss |
| 43 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 another | nmod |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | meaning | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is a | present | Beauty | the heaven | with Beauty's stars | tree rules | |||
| 3 | reflect | present · passive | stars = star | which obl | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | contain | present | Beauty | stars's beauty | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot beauty=Theme | ||||
| 5 | add speech: assert | present | Beauty not said here | another of Beauty's own | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent another=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, Project Gutenberg book 68641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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