The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth, A Sleep and a Dream., part 4, sentence 80
And as the water kept on rising, rising, Umra-Singh said to himself: Extraordinary is the guile of women, and copious their tears, but this daughter of a Daitya surely surpasses them all.
Who acts: Umra, Extraordinary, daughter · What happens: keep, rise, say, be, surpass · To what, where: water, Singh, guile, tears · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, A Sleep and a Dream., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Umra, Extraordinary, daughter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 said | cc |
| 2 | as | as | ADP | _ | 4 water | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 water | det |
| 4 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 said | obl |
| 5 | kept | keep | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 water | acl |
| 6 | on | on | SCONJ | _ | 7 rising | mark |
| 7 | rising | rise | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 kept | advcl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 rising | punct |
| 9 | rising | rise | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 rising | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 Umra | punct |
| 11 | Umra | Umra | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 said | nsubj |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 13 Singh | punct |
| 13 | Singh | Singh | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 Umra | conj |
| 14 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 15 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 himself | case |
| 16 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 14 said | obl |
| 17 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 21 guile | punct |
| 18 | Extraordinary | Extraordinary | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 guile | nsubj |
| 19 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 guile | cop |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 guile | det |
| 21 | guile | guile | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 said | ccomp |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 women | case |
| 23 | women | woman | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 guile | nmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 copious | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 copious | cc |
| 26 | copious | copious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 guile | conj |
| 27 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 tears | nmod:poss |
| 28 | tears | tear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 copious | obj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 daughter | punct |
| 30 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 32 daughter | cc |
| 31 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 32 daughter | det |
| 32 | daughter | daughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 surpasses | nsubj |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 Daitya | case |
| 34 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 Daitya | det |
| 35 | Daitya | Daitya | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 daughter | nmod |
| 36 | surely | surely | ADV | _ | 37 surpasses | advmod |
| 37 | surpasses | surpass | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 guile | parataxis |
| 38 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 surpasses | obj |
| 39 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 38 them | nmod:unmarked |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | keep | participle | the water not said here | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | rise | gerund | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | rise | gerund | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | past | Umra and Singh | Singh | as the water | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to himself=Recipient | |||
| 5 | is a | present | Extraordinary | the guile | of women | tree rules | |||
| 6 | be | Extraordinary not said here | Umra's tears | tree rules | |||||
| 7 | surpass | present | this daughter of a Daitya | tears = tear | surely property | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot they=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, Project Gutenberg book 68641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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