The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth, A Sleep and a Dream., part 4, sentence 87
And as he went, he said to himself: Up I must go, for there is no other resource: and now, unless like the husband of Shrí[2], I could save myself on the back of a tortoise from this very sea of water, I must surely be destroyed.
Who acts: moon, I, other resource · What happens: go, say, be, save, destroy · To what, where: moon, myself, back, I · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, A Sleep and a Dream., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (moon, I, other resource), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 said | cc |
| 2 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 4 went | mark |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 went | nsubj |
| 4 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 said | advcl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 went | punct |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 said | nsubj |
| 7 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 himself | case |
| 9 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 7 said | obl |
| 10 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 14 go | punct |
| 11 | Up | up | ADP | _ | 14 go | advcl |
| 12 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 14 go | nsubj |
| 13 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 14 go | aux |
| 14 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 said | ccomp |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 is | punct |
| 16 | for | for | ADP | _ | 18 is | case |
| 17 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 18 is | expl |
| 18 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 go | conj |
| 19 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 21 resource | det |
| 20 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 resource | amod |
| 21 | resource | resource | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 is | nsubj |
| 22 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 38 save | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 save | cc |
| 24 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 38 save | advmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 save | punct |
| 26 | unless | unless | SCONJ | _ | 38 save | mark |
| 27 | like | like | ADP | _ | 29 husband | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 husband | det |
| 29 | husband | husband | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 save | obl |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 Shrí | case |
| 31 | Shrí | Shrí | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 husband | nmod |
| 32 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 33 2 | punct |
| 33 | 2 | 2 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 31 Shrí | flat |
| 34 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 33 2 | punct |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 husband | punct |
| 36 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 38 save | nsubj |
| 37 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 38 save | aux |
| 38 | save | save | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 said | ccomp |
| 39 | myself | myself | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 38 save | obj |
| 40 | on | on | ADP | _ | 42 back | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 back | det |
| 42 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 save | obl |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 45 tortoise | case |
| 44 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 45 tortoise | det |
| 45 | tortoise | tortoise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 back | nmod |
| 46 | from | from | ADP | _ | 49 sea | case |
| 47 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 49 sea | det |
| 48 | very | very | ADV | _ | 49 sea | advmod |
| 49 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 save | obl |
| 50 | of | of | ADP | _ | 51 water | case |
| 51 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 sea | nmod |
| 52 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 57 destroyed | punct |
| 53 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 57 destroyed | nsubj |
| 54 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 57 destroyed | aux |
| 55 | surely | surely | ADV | _ | 57 destroyed | advmod |
| 56 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 57 destroyed | aux:pass |
| 57 | destroyed | destroy | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 38 save | parataxis |
| 58 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | moon | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | moon | moon | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Pivot to himself=Experiencer clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | go | must | I | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | be | present | no other resource | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | save a condition, not said to happen | could | I | myself | the back of a tortoise | now | like the husband of Shrí; from this sea of water | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent myself=Theme on back=Source | |
| 6 | destroy | must · passive | I | surely property | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, Project Gutenberg book 68641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg68641/6/87/