The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth, A Sleep and a Dream., part 7, sentence 83
And Nightwalker rejoiced at the opportunity, for he remembered how Umra-Singh had defied him, and cut off his tongue in the wood.
Who acts: Nightwalker, Torment · What happens: rejoice, remember, defy, cut off · To what, where: opportunity, Umra, tongue, wood
This is a sentence of «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, A Sleep and a Dream., part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nightwalker, Torment), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 rejoiced | cc |
| 2 | Nightwalker | Nightwalker | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 rejoiced | nsubj |
| 3 | rejoiced | rejoice | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | at | at | ADP | _ | 6 opportunity | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 opportunity | det |
| 6 | opportunity | opportunity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 rejoiced | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 remembered | punct |
| 8 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 10 remembered | mark |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 remembered | nsubj |
| 10 | remembered | remember | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 rejoiced | conj |
| 11 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 16 defied | advmod |
| 12 | Umra | Umra | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 defied | nsubj:pass |
| 13 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 14 Singh | punct |
| 14 | Singh | Singh | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 Umra | flat |
| 15 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 defied | aux |
| 16 | defied | defy | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 remembered | advcl |
| 17 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 defied | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 cut | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 cut | cc |
| 20 | cut | cut | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 defied | conj |
| 21 | off | off | ADP | _ | 20 cut | compound:prt |
| 22 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 tongue | nmod:poss |
| 23 | tongue | tongue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 cut | obj |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 wood | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 wood | det |
| 26 | wood | wood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 cut | obl |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 rejoiced | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rejoice | past | Nightwalker | the opportunity | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 2 | remember | past | Torment | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | defy | past · perfect · passive | Umra | Torment obj | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | cut off | participle | Torment's tongue | the wood | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector tongue=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, Project Gutenberg book 68641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg68641/9/83/