Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people, Opening, part 1, sentence 61
One day, some boys who were minding cows led them near a green mound among the ruins: and while the cows cropped the grass, the boys played.
Who acts: boys, cows · What happens: mind, lead, crop, play · To what, where: cows, green mound, grass
This is a sentence of «Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people» by Cornelia Sorabji, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boys, cows), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | One | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 2 day | nummod |
| 2 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 led | obl:unmarked |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 day | punct |
| 4 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 5 boys | det |
| 5 | boys | boy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 led | nsubj |
| 6 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 minding | nsubj |
| 7 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 minding | aux |
| 8 | minding | mind | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 boys | acl:relcl |
| 9 | cows | cow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 minding | obj |
| 10 | led | lead | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 led | obj |
| 12 | near | near | ADP | _ | 15 mound | case |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 mound | det |
| 14 | green | green | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 mound | amod |
| 15 | mound | mound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 led | obl |
| 16 | among | among | ADP | _ | 18 ruins | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 ruins | det |
| 18 | ruins | ruin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 mound | nmod |
| 19 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 24 cropped | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 cropped | cc |
| 21 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 24 cropped | mark |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 cows | det |
| 23 | cows | cow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 cropped | nsubj |
| 24 | cropped | crop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 led | parataxis |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 grass | det |
| 26 | grass | grass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 cropped | obj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 played | punct |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 boys | det |
| 29 | boys | boy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 played | nsubj |
| 30 | played | play | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 cropped | conj |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 led | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mind | past · progressive | some boys | cows | vn caring-75.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cow=Theme | ||||
| 2 | lead | past | some boys | cows = cow | a green mound among the ruins | day | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme near mound=Destination | ||
| 3 | crop | past | the cows | the grass | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grass=Patient | ||||
| 4 | play | past | the boys | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people» by Cornelia Sorabji, Project Gutenberg book 69647 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg69647/1/61/