Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people, Opening, part 1, sentence 71
And the King laughed and said, “Why, he is sitting on the seat of Vikramaditya; that is why he is wise.”
Who acts: King, that · What happens: laugh, say, sit, be · To what, where: seat · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people» by Cornelia Sorabji, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (King, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 laughed | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 King | det |
| 3 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 laughed | nsubj |
| 4 | laughed | laugh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 said | cc |
| 6 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 laughed | conj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 sitting | punct |
| 8 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 sitting | punct |
| 9 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 13 sitting | advmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 Why | punct |
| 11 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 sitting | nsubj |
| 12 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 sitting | aux |
| 13 | sitting | sit | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 said | ccomp |
| 14 | on | on | ADP | _ | 16 seat | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 seat | det |
| 16 | seat | seat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 sitting | obl |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 Vikramaditya | case |
| 18 | Vikramaditya | Vikramaditya | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 seat | nmod |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 why | punct |
| 20 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 22 why | nsubj |
| 21 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 why | cop |
| 22 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 laughed | parataxis |
| 23 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 wise | nsubj |
| 24 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 wise | cop |
| 25 | wise | wise | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 why | advcl:relcl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 laughed | punct |
| 27 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 laughed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | laugh | past | the King | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | the King not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | sit in a quote | present · progressive | KING | the seat of Vikramaditya | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on seat=Location | ||||
| 4 | is in a quote | present | that | why property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | is in a quote | present | KING | wise property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people» by Cornelia Sorabji, Project Gutenberg book 69647 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg69647/1/71/