Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people, Opening, part 2, sentence 53
“Granted,” said the enemy, for he did not dare break his word.
Who acts: enemy, Yudhisthira · What happens: grant, say, not dare, not break, word · To what, where: word · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people» by Cornelia Sorabji, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (enemy, Yudhisthira), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Granted | punct |
| 2 | Granted | grant | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 said | ccomp |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Granted | punct |
| 4 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Granted | punct |
| 5 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 enemy | det |
| 7 | enemy | enemy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 said | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 dare | punct |
| 9 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 13 dare | mark |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 dare | nsubj |
| 11 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 dare | aux |
| 12 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 13 dare | advmod |
| 13 | dare | dare | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 said | parataxis |
| 14 | break | break | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 dare | xcomp |
| 15 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 word | nmod:poss |
| 16 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 break | obj |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grant in a quote | participle | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | the enemy | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | not dare | past · do-support | Yudhisthira | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | not break | infinitive | Yudhisthira not said here | Yudhisthira's word | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer word=Patient | ||||
| 5 | word | Yudhisthira | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people» by Cornelia Sorabji, Project Gutenberg book 69647 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg69647/2/53/