Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people, Opening, part 3, sentence 48
His last great campaign was against the Rajputs; and that was a fight worthy of the warrior who was now about forty-four years of age, and who had begun fighting when he was twelve.
Who acts: that, warrior, last great campaign, tale · What happens: be, begin, fight, campaign · To what, where: fight worthy, twelve, last great campaign
This is a sentence of «Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people» by Cornelia Sorabji, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (that, warrior, last great campaign, tale), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 campaign | nmod:poss |
| 2 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 campaign | amod |
| 3 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 campaign | amod |
| 4 | campaign | campaign | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 campaign | acl |
| 6 | against | against | ADP | _ | 8 Rajputs | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 Rajputs | det |
| 8 | Rajputs | rajput | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 was | obl |
| 9 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 worthy | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 worthy | cc |
| 11 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 15 worthy | nsubj |
| 12 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 worthy | cop |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 worthy | det |
| 14 | fight | fight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 worthy | compound |
| 15 | worthy | worthy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 campaign | conj |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 warrior | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 warrior | det |
| 18 | warrior | warrior | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 worthy | nmod |
| 19 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 23 forty | nsubj |
| 20 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 forty | cop |
| 21 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 23 forty | advmod |
| 22 | about | about | ADP | _ | 23 forty | case |
| 23 | forty | forty | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 18 warrior | acl:relcl |
| 24 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 23 forty | punct |
| 25 | four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 26 years | nummod |
| 26 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 forty | nmod:unmarked |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 age | case |
| 28 | age | age | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 years | nmod |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 begun | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 begun | cc |
| 31 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 33 begun | nsubj |
| 32 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 begun | aux |
| 33 | begun | begin | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 campaign | parataxis |
| 34 | fighting | fight | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 33 begun | xcomp |
| 35 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 38 twelve | mark |
| 36 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 twelve | nsubj |
| 37 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 38 twelve | cop |
| 38 | twelve | twelve | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 34 fighting | advcl |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 campaign | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | that | a fight worthy | of the warrior | tree rules | |||
| 2 | is | past | the warrior | now; year | about forty | tree rules | |||
| 3 | begin | past · perfect | tale's last great campaign and a fight worthy | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | fight | gerund | tale's last great campaign and a fight worthy not said here | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | is a | past | tale | twelve | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | campaign | tale | nom campaign «event intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people» by Cornelia Sorabji, Project Gutenberg book 69647 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg69647/3/48/