Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people, Opening, part 4, sentence 3
And Ala-ud-din took with him mighty armies and great engines of war, and by sheer force of numbers and deadly weapons he bore down the brave little body of knights fighting on the walls of their beloved city.
Who acts: Ala ud din, din, knights · What happens: take, bear down, fight · To what, where: mighty armies, brave little body, walls
This is a sentence of «Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people» by Cornelia Sorabji, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ala ud din, din, knights), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 took | cc |
| 2 | Ala | Ala | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 din | compound |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 2 Ala | punct |
| 4 | ud | ud | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 din | compound |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 4 ud | punct |
| 6 | din | din | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 took | nsubj |
| 7 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | with | with | ADP | _ | 9 him | case |
| 9 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 took | obl |
| 10 | mighty | mighty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 armies | amod |
| 11 | armies | army | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 took | obj |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 engines | cc |
| 13 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 engines | amod |
| 14 | engines | engine | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 armies | conj |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 war | case |
| 16 | war | war | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 engines | nmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 bore | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 bore | cc |
| 19 | by | by | ADP | _ | 21 force | case |
| 20 | sheer | sheer | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 force | amod |
| 21 | force | force | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 bore | obl |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 numbers | case |
| 23 | numbers | number | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 force | nmod |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 weapons | cc |
| 25 | deadly | deadly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 weapons | amod |
| 26 | weapons | weapon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 numbers | conj |
| 27 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 bore | nsubj |
| 28 | bore | bear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 took | conj |
| 29 | down | down | ADP | _ | 28 bore | compound:prt |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 body | det |
| 31 | brave | brave | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 body | amod |
| 32 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 body | amod |
| 33 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 bore | obj |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 knights | case |
| 35 | knights | knight | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 body | nmod |
| 36 | fighting | fight | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 35 knights | acl |
| 37 | on | on | ADP | _ | 39 walls | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 walls | det |
| 39 | walls | wall | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 fighting | obl |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 43 city | case |
| 41 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 43 city | nmod:poss |
| 42 | beloved | beloved | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 city | amod |
| 43 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 walls | nmod |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 took | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past | Ala ud din | mighty armies and great engines of war | with King | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent army=Theme | |||
| 2 | bear down | past | din | the brave little body of knights | by sheer force of numbers and deadly weapons | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent body=Patient | |||
| 3 | fight | gerund | knights not said here | the walls of walls's beloved city | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people» by Cornelia Sorabji, Project Gutenberg book 69647 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg69647/4/3/