Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people, Opening, part 4, sentence 57
The travellers halted to cook their food, and they halted again to sleep by great watch-fires, till the dawn-star told them that it was time to go on once more.
Who acts: travellers, dawn star, star · What happens: halt, cook, sleep, tell, be, go on · To what, where: food, travellers, time · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people» by Cornelia Sorabji, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (travellers, dawn star, star), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 travellers | det |
| 2 | travellers | traveller | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 halted | nsubj |
| 3 | halted | halt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 cook | mark |
| 5 | cook | cook | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 halted | xcomp |
| 6 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 food | nmod:poss |
| 7 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 cook | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 halted | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 halted | cc |
| 10 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 halted | nsubj |
| 11 | halted | halt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 halted | parataxis |
| 12 | again | again | ADV | _ | 11 halted | advmod |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 sleep | mark |
| 14 | sleep | sleep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 halted | advcl |
| 15 | by | by | ADP | _ | 19 fires | case |
| 16 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 fires | amod |
| 17 | watch | watch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 fires | compound |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 17 watch | punct |
| 19 | fires | fire | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 sleep | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 told | punct |
| 21 | till | till | SCONJ | _ | 26 told | mark |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 star | det |
| 23 | dawn | dawn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 star | compound |
| 24 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 23 dawn | punct |
| 25 | star | star | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 told | nsubj |
| 26 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 halted | conj |
| 27 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 told | iobj |
| 28 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 31 time | mark |
| 29 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 time | nsubj |
| 30 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 time | cop |
| 31 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 told | ccomp |
| 32 | to | to | PART | _ | 33 go | mark |
| 33 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 31 time | acl |
| 34 | on | on | ADV | _ | 33 go | advmod |
| 35 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 36 more | advmod |
| 36 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 33 go | advmod |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 halted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | halt | past | the travellers | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | cook | to-infinitive | the travellers not said here | travellers's food | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent food=Patient | ||||
| 3 | halt | past | travellers = traveller | again | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | sleep | to-infinitive | travellers = traveller not said here | by great watch fires | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | tell speech: assert | past | the dawn star | travellers = traveller | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient | ||||
| 6 | is a | past | star | time | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | go on | to-infinitive | the dawn star not said here | vn function-105.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people» by Cornelia Sorabji, Project Gutenberg book 69647 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg69647/4/57/