Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Opening, sentence 18

He will then take one stick from a bundle, and holding it up will say: “That is two calabashes of tombo I gave to the father.”

Who acts: man, holding, That, two calabashes · What happens: take, hold up, say, be, give · To what, where: one stick, bundle, book, two calabashes, father · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, holding, That, two calabashes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 take	nsubj
2	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 take	aux
3	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	4 take	advmod
4	take	take	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 stick	nummod
6	stick	stick	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 take	obj
7	from	from	ADP	_	9 bundle	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 bundle	det
9	bundle	bundle	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 take	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 say	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 say	cc
12	holding	hold	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	16 say	csubj
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 holding	obj
14	up	up	ADP	_	12 holding	compound:prt
15	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	16 say	aux
16	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 take	parataxis
17	:	:	PUNCT	_	22 calabashes	punct
18	“	"	PUNCT	_	22 calabashes	punct
19	That	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	22 calabashes	nsubj
20	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 calabashes	cop
21	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	22 calabashes	nummod
22	calabashes	calabash	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 gave	nsubj
23	of	of	ADP	_	24 tombo	case
24	tombo	tombo	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 calabashes	nmod
25	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	26 gave	nsubj
26	gave	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	16 say	ccomp
27	to	to	ADP	_	29 father	case
28	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 father	det
29	father	father	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 gave	obl
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 take	punct
31	”	"	PUNCT	_	4 take	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take	future	man	one stick		a bundle	then		vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent stick=Theme from bundle=Initial_Location
2	hold up	gerund		book					vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot it=Theme
3	say speech: assert	future	holding						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
4	is a in a quote	present	That	two calabashes				of tombo	tree rules
5	give in a quote	past	two calabashes		the father			I nsubj	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to father=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/1/18/

🌲 Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Opening, sentence 18

The tree

Pragmatics

Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Opening, sentence 18