Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Opening, sentence 93
It was a case of “I told you so.”
Who acts: owl, boy · What happens: be, tell · To what, where: case, you · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (owl, boy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 case | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 case | cop |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 case | det |
| 4 | case | case | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 8 told | mark |
| 6 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 told | punct |
| 7 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 8 told | nsubj |
| 8 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 case | advcl |
| 9 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 8 told | iobj |
| 10 | so | so | ADV | _ | 8 told | advmod |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 case | punct |
| 12 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 case | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | owl | a case | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | tell speech: assert in a quote | past | the boy = boy | you | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent you=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/1/93/