Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Opening, sentence 99
It has been suggested in one of the criticisms on my _Folk Stories from Southern Nigeria_ that the native words should be given on one side of the page, and a fairly literal translation on the other.
What happens: suggest, give · To what, where: ju, native words, one side
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 suggested | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 suggested | aux |
| 3 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 suggested | aux:pass |
| 4 | suggested | suggest | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 one | case |
| 6 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 4 suggested | obl |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 criticisms | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 criticisms | det |
| 9 | criticisms | criticism | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 one | nmod |
| 10 | on | on | ADP | _ | 14 Stories | case |
| 11 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 Stories | nmod:poss |
| 12 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 14 Stories | punct |
| 13 | Folk | folk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 Stories | compound |
| 14 | Stories | story | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 criticisms | nmod |
| 15 | from | from | ADP | _ | 17 Nigeria | case |
| 16 | Southern | Southern | PROPN | _ | 17 Nigeria | flat |
| 17 | Nigeria | Nigeria | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 Stories | nmod |
| 18 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 4 suggested | punct |
| 19 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 25 given | mark |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 words | det |
| 21 | native | native | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 words | amod |
| 22 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 given | nsubj:pass |
| 23 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 25 given | aux |
| 24 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 25 given | aux:pass |
| 25 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 suggested | advcl |
| 26 | on | on | ADP | _ | 28 side | case |
| 27 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 28 side | nummod |
| 28 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 given | obl |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 page | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 page | det |
| 31 | page | page | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 side | nmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 translation | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 translation | cc |
| 34 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 translation | det |
| 35 | fairly | fairly | ADV | _ | 36 literal | advmod |
| 36 | literal | literal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 translation | amod |
| 37 | translation | translation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 suggested | obl |
| 38 | on | on | ADP | _ | 40 other | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 other | det |
| 40 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 translation | nmod |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 suggested | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | suggest speech: suggest | present · perfect · passive | ju | in one of the criticisms on my Folk Stories from Southern Nigeria; a literal translation on the other obl | vn say-37.7-1-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic | ||||
| 2 | give | should · passive | the native words | one side of the page | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.asset»: subject=Theme on side=Asset |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/1/99/