Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xiii.--of Chief Amaza, His Wife Achi and the Tortoise., sentence 34
He then reminded the ju-ju man that, when anyone was going to be killed, it was the custom to beat the drum and march the victim to the slaughter place.
Who acts: tortoise, ju man, baby · What happens: remind, go, kill, be, beat, march · To what, where: ju man, custom, drum, victim, slaughter place
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xiii.--of Chief Amaza, His Wife Achi and the Tortoise.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tortoise, ju man, baby), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 reminded | nsubj |
| 2 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 reminded | advmod |
| 3 | reminded | remind | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 man | det |
| 5 | ju | ju | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 ju | compound |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 5 ju | punct |
| 7 | ju | ju | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 man | compound |
| 8 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 reminded | obj |
| 9 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 going | nsubj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 going | punct |
| 11 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 14 going | advmod |
| 12 | anyone | anyone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 14 going | nsubj |
| 13 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 going | aux |
| 14 | going | go | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 man | acl:relcl |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 killed | mark |
| 16 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 17 killed | aux:pass |
| 17 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 going | xcomp |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 killed | punct |
| 19 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 custom | nsubj |
| 20 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 custom | cop |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 custom | det |
| 22 | custom | custom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 killed | parataxis |
| 23 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 beat | mark |
| 24 | beat | beat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 custom | acl |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 drum | det |
| 26 | drum | drum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 beat | obj |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 march | cc |
| 28 | march | march | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 beat | conj |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 victim | det |
| 30 | victim | victim | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 march | obj |
| 31 | to | to | ADP | _ | 34 place | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 place | det |
| 33 | slaughter | slaughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 place | compound |
| 34 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 march | obl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 reminded | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | remind speech: other | past | tortoise | the ju man | then | vn tell-37.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent man=Recipient | |||
| 2 | go | past · progressive | the ju man | anyone nsubj | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | kill | to-infinitive · passive | the ju man not said here | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle» | |||||
| 4 | is a | past | baby | the custom | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | beat | to-infinitive | the ju man not said here | the drum | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location drum=Theme | ||||
| 6 | march | infinitive | the ju man not said here | the victim | the slaughter place | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent victim=Theme to place=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/10/34/