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Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xiii.--of Chief Amaza, His Wife Achi and the Tortoise., sentence 41

The tortoise told Achi that, the next time the ju-ju man danced away, she was to pick up her baby and cover it with her cloth, and then run by the nearest path, which he pointed out to her, to a farm which was not far off, and where he thought her husband had gone to.

Who acts: tortoise, ju man, child, man, farm, husband · What happens: tell, dance away, be, cover, run, point out · To what, where: that, Achi, baby, nearest path, child · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xiii.--of Chief Amaza, His Wife Achi and the Tortoise.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tortoise, ju man, child, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

detnsubjiobjobjpunctdetamodobl:unmarkeddetcompoundpunctcompoundnsubjconjadvmodpunctnsubjcopmarkparataxiscompound:prtnmod:possobjccconjobjcasenmod:possoblpunctccadvmodconjcasedetamodoblpunctobjnsubjacl:relclcompound:prtcaseoblpunctcasedetoblnsubjcopadvmodadvmodacl:relclpunctccadvmodnsubjadvclnmod:possnsubjauxadvclxcomppunctrootTheDETtortoiseNOUNtoldVERBAchiPROPNthatPRON,PUNCTtheDETnextADJtimeNOUNtheDETjuPROPN-PUNCTjuPROPNmanNOUNdancedVERBawayADV,PUNCTshePRONwasAUXtoPARTpickVERBupADPherPRONbabyNOUNandCCONJcoverVERBitPRONwithADPherPRONclothNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJthenADVrunVERBbyADPtheDETnearestADJpathNOUN,PUNCTwhichPRONhePRONpointedVERBoutADPtoADPherPRON,PUNCTtoADPaDETfarmNOUNwhichPRONwasAUXnotPARTfarADVoffADV,PUNCTandCCONJwhereADVhePRONthoughtVERBherPRONhusbandNOUNhadAUXgoneVERBtoPART.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ThetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art2 tortoisedet
2tortoisetortoiseNOUNNumber=Sing3 toldnsubj
3toldtellVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
4AchiAchiPROPNNumber=Sing3 toldiobj
5thatthatPRONNumber=Sing PronType=Dem3 toldobj
6,,PUNCT_15 dancedpunct
7thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art9 timedet
8nextnextADJDegree=Pos9 timeamod
9timetimeNOUNNumber=Sing15 dancedobl:unmarked
10thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art14 mandet
11jujuPROPNNumber=Sing13 jucompound
12--PUNCT_11 jupunct
13jujuPROPNNumber=Sing14 mancompound
14manmanNOUNNumber=Sing15 dancednsubj
15danceddanceVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin3 toldconj
16awayawayADV_15 dancedadvmod
17,,PUNCT_21 pickpunct
18sheshePRONCase=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs21 picknsubj
19wasbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin21 pickcop
20totoPART_21 pickmark
21pickpickVERBVerbForm=Inf15 dancedparataxis
22upupADP_21 pickcompound:prt
23herherPRONCase=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs24 babynmod:poss
24babybabyNOUNNumber=Sing21 pickobj
25andandCCONJ_26 covercc
26covercoverVERBVerbForm=Inf21 pickconj
27ititPRONCase=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs26 coverobj
28withwithADP_30 clothcase
29herherPRONCase=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs30 clothnmod:poss
30clothclothNOUNNumber=Sing26 coverobl
31,,PUNCT_34 runpunct
32andandCCONJ_34 runcc
33thenthenADVPronType=Dem34 runadvmod
34runrunVERBVerbForm=Inf26 coverconj
35bybyADP_38 pathcase
36thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art38 pathdet
37nearestnearADJDegree=Sup38 pathamod
38pathpathNOUNNumber=Sing34 runobl
39,,PUNCT_42 pointedpunct
40whichwhichPRONPronType=Rel42 pointedobj
41hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs42 pointednsubj
42pointedpointVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin38 pathacl:relcl
43outoutADP_42 pointedcompound:prt
44totoADP_45 hercase
45hershePRONCase=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs42 pointedobl
46,,PUNCT_49 farmpunct
47totoADP_49 farmcase
48aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art49 farmdet
49farmfarmNOUNNumber=Sing34 runobl
50whichwhichPRONPronType=Rel54 offnsubj
51wasbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin54 offcop
52notnotPARTPolarity=Neg54 offadvmod
53farfarADVDegree=Pos54 offadvmod
54offoffADV_49 farmacl:relcl
55,,PUNCT_63 gonepunct
56andandCCONJ_63 gonecc
57wherewhereADVPronType=Rel59 thoughtadvmod
58hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs59 thoughtnsubj
59thoughtthinkVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin63 goneadvcl
60herherPRONCase=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs61 husbandnmod:poss
61husbandhusbandNOUNNumber=Sing63 gonensubj
62hadhaveAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin63 goneaux
63gonegoVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part34 runadvcl
64totoPART_63 gonexcomp
65..PUNCT_3 toldpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1tell speech: assertpastthe tortoisethatAchivn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent achi=Recipient that=Topic
2dance awaypastthe ju mantimeaway propertyvn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3ispastchildchild's baby obj; pick propertytree rules
4coverinfinitivechild not said herebabywith child's clothvn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Destination with cloth=Theme
5runinfinitivechild not said herethenby the nearest path; to a farm resultvn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to farm=Result
6point outpastmanthe nearest pathchildvn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent which=Theme to she=Recipient
7not ispasta farmfar, off propertytree rules
8think speech: otherpastmanvn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
9gopast · perfectchild's husbandvn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/10/41/