Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xiii.--of Chief Amaza, His Wife Achi and the Tortoise., sentence 43
The ju-ju man then returned, and the tortoise drew in his head and legs into his shell, but the ju-ju man was so angry at losing the baby that he picked up the tortoise and carried it home.
Who acts: ju man, tortoise, man · What happens: return, draw, be, lose, pick up, carry · To what, where: head, baby, tortoise
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xiii.--of Chief Amaza, His Wife Achi and the Tortoise.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ju man, tortoise, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 man | det |
| 2 | ju | ju | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 ju | compound |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 2 ju | punct |
| 4 | ju | ju | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 man | compound |
| 5 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 returned | nsubj |
| 6 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 7 returned | advmod |
| 7 | returned | return | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 drew | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 drew | cc |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 tortoise | det |
| 11 | tortoise | tortoise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 drew | nsubj |
| 12 | drew | draw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 returned | conj |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 head | case |
| 14 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 head | nmod:poss |
| 15 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 drew | obl |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 legs | cc |
| 17 | legs | leg | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 head | conj |
| 18 | into | into | ADP | _ | 20 shell | case |
| 19 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 shell | nmod:poss |
| 20 | shell | shell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 drew | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 angry | punct |
| 22 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 30 angry | cc |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 man | det |
| 24 | ju | ju | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 ju | compound |
| 25 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 24 ju | punct |
| 26 | ju | ju | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 man | compound |
| 27 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 angry | nsubj |
| 28 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 angry | cop |
| 29 | so | so | ADV | _ | 30 angry | advmod |
| 30 | angry | angry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 drew | conj |
| 31 | at | at | ADP | _ | 32 losing | case |
| 32 | losing | lose | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 30 angry | obl |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 baby | det |
| 34 | baby | baby | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 losing | obj |
| 35 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 37 picked | mark |
| 36 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 picked | nsubj |
| 37 | picked | pick | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 angry | advcl |
| 38 | up | up | ADP | _ | 37 picked | compound:prt |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 tortoise | det |
| 40 | tortoise | tortoise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 picked | obj |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 carried | cc |
| 42 | carried | carry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 picked | conj |
| 43 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 42 carried | obj |
| 44 | home | home | ADV | _ | 42 carried | advmod |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 returned | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | return | past | the ju man | then | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | draw | past | the tortoise | man's head and legs | into man's shell | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in head=Destination | |||
| 3 | is | past | the ju man | angry property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | lose | gerund | the baby | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baby=Eventuality | |||||
| 5 | pick up | past | man | the tortoise | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tortoise=Topic | ||||
| 6 | carry | past | man not said here | baby | home property | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/10/43/