Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xiii.--of Chief Amaza, His Wife Achi and the Tortoise., sentence 7
As a rule they stayed out in the bush for several days, and on these occasions the married women were accompanied by their husbands, and the young women would have their men friends.
Who acts: rivers, husbands, young women · What happens: stay out, accompany, have · To what, where: bush, married women, occasions, men friends
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xiii.--of Chief Amaza, His Wife Achi and the Tortoise.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rivers, husbands, young women), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | ADP | _ | 3 rule | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 rule | det |
| 3 | rule | rule | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 stayed | obl |
| 4 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 stayed | nsubj |
| 5 | stayed | stay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | out | out | ADP | _ | 5 stayed | compound:prt |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 bush | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 bush | det |
| 9 | bush | bush | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 stayed | obl |
| 10 | for | for | ADP | _ | 12 days | case |
| 11 | several | several | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 days | amod |
| 12 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 bush | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 accompanied | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 accompanied | cc |
| 15 | on | on | ADP | _ | 17 occasions | case |
| 16 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 17 occasions | det |
| 17 | occasions | occasion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 accompanied | obl |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 women | det |
| 19 | married | married | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 women | amod |
| 20 | women | woman | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 accompanied | nsubj:pass |
| 21 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 accompanied | aux:pass |
| 22 | accompanied | accompany | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 stayed | conj |
| 23 | by | by | ADP | _ | 25 husbands | case |
| 24 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 husbands | nmod:poss |
| 25 | husbands | husband | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 accompanied | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 have | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 have | cc |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 women | det |
| 29 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 women | amod |
| 30 | women | woman | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 have | nsubj |
| 31 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 32 have | aux |
| 32 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 accompanied | conj |
| 33 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 men | nmod:poss |
| 34 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 friends | compound |
| 35 | friends | friend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 have | obj |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 stayed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stay out | past | rivers = river | the bush for several days | as a rule | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in bush=Location | |||
| 2 | accompany | past · passive | rivers's husbands | the married women | this occasions | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent subject=Theme on occasion=Destination | |||
| 3 | have | would | the young women | men friends | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent friend=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/10/7/